摘 要
随着人类对清洁、可持续能源需求的日益增长，风力发电作为重要的可再生能源发电方式受到广泛关注。我国在风力发电技术领域投入大量资源，取得显著成果，极大提升了风力发电的效率与可靠性。本毕业设计以分布式风电场为研究对象，该风电场装机规模达 48MW，配备 24 台 2MW 风力发电机组。采用 1 回 110kV 线路 T 接鲤鱼井～水湾 110kV 线路实现并网，风力发电机—箱变采用一机一变单元接线方式，经多级电压变换后汇至 110kV 升压站。本设计聚焦于分布式风电场低电压穿越故障建模与仿真，同时涵盖电气一次部分相关设计，如同组同学完成的电气一次主接线方案确定、短路电流计算、电气设备选型及主接线图绘制等，以及线路和主变压器微机保护配置、短路电流计算、保护整定计算，并绘制相应保护配置图与接线图。通过本设计，为分布式风电场在低电压穿越故障分析及保护配置方面提供理论依据与实践参考。
关键词：分布式风电场；低电压穿越；故障建模；仿真；电气设计；保护配置
Abstract
With the increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy, wind power generation, as an important renewable energy generation method, has attracted widespread attention. China has invested substantial resources in the field of wind power generation technology and achieved remarkable results, significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of wind power generation. This graduation design takes Luokoushan Wind Farm as the research object. The wind farm has an installed capacity of 48MW and is equipped with 24 wind turbine generators with a capacity of 2MW each. It is connected to the grid through a single 110kV circuit T-connected to the Liyujing-Shuiwan 110kV line. The wind turbine generator-box transformer adopts a one-generator-one-transformer unit connection method, and after multi-stage voltage transformation, it is collected at the 110kV substation. This design focuses on the modeling and simulation of low-voltage ride-through faults in distributed wind farms, while also covering relevant designs in the electrical primary part, such as the determination of the electrical primary main wiring scheme, short-circuit current calculation, electrical equipment selection, and the drawing of the main wiring diagram completed by classmates responsible for the electrical primary design. It also includes the microcomputer protection configuration of the lines and main transformers, short-circuit current calculation, protection setting calculation, and the drawing of corresponding protection configuration diagrams and wiring diagrams. Through this design, it provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the analysis of low-voltage ride-through faults and protection configuration in distributed wind farms.
Keywords：Distributed wind farm; Low-voltage ride-through; Fault modeling; Simulation; Electrical design; Protection configuration
目 录
1 设计概述 9
1.1 基本情况 9
1.2 风力发电机组选型 9
1.2.1 轮鼓高度 11
1.2.2 单机容量确定 11
1.3 风力发电机组布置 12
2.设计任务与要求 14
2.1设计风机与箱式变电站接线方案，选择下列设备 14
2.2设计风电场集电线路接线方案，选择35KV架空线路 14
2.3设计110KV变电所电气主接线 14
3 主变压器及电气主接线的选择 16
3.1 主变压器的选择 16
3.2 风电场电方案的确定 17
3.2.1 概述 17
3.2.2 风电场电源的引接方式 17
3.2.3 风电场变压器选择 18
3.2.4 风电场电接线方案 18
3.3 电气主接线设计的要求 19
3.4 电气主接线形式的选择 19
3.4.1 35kV单母线分段接线 20
3.4.2 110KV采用单母线接线 21
4 短路电流计算 22
4.1 概 述 22
4.2 电路元件参数计算 22
4.3 各点短路电流计算 22
4.3.1 冲击电流 24
4.3.2 由F1提供的短路电流 25
4.3.3 系统提供的短路电流 25
4.3.4 冲击电流 25
4.3.5 d3点短路电流（发电机出口侧）计算 26
4.3.6 d4点短路电流（风电场变压器出口侧）短路计算： 26
4.4 不对称短路计算 26
5 发电机变压器保护整定计算 30
5.1 零序电流保护 30
5.1.1 零序电流保护的I段的整定 30
5.2 电流速断保护整定计算 30
5.2.1 按躲开变压器负荷侧出口短路时的最大短路电流来整定，即 30
5.2.2 躲过励磁涌流，根据实际经验及实验数据，一般取 31
5.2.3 按上两式条件计算，选择其中较大的值作为变压器电流速断保护的启动电流 31
5.2.4 灵敏度校验 31
5.3 纵联差动保护整定计算 31
5.3.1 确定基本侧。 31
5.3.2 躲过变压器的励磁涌流： 32
5.3.3 躲过外部短路时的最大不平衡电流 32
5.3.4 计算差动线圈匝数及实际动作电流为： 32
5.3.5 灵敏度校验。 33
5.4 过负荷保护 33
5.4.1 躲过变压器的额定电流来整定 33
5.5 风电场变压器保护 33
5.5.1 风电场变压器采用熔断器保护 33
5.5.2 高压配电装置的设计 33
5.6 配电装置的安全净距 34
总结致谢 37
参考文献 40
