淘客返利系统的CI/CD流水线搭建：Docker镜像构建与K8s部署实践
大家好，我是 微赚淘客系统3.0 的研发者省赚客！
在微赚淘客系统3.0的演进过程中，为提升交付效率与系统稳定性，我们基于 GitLab CI + Harbor + Kubernetes 构建了完整的 CI/CD 流水线。从代码提交到生产环境部署，全程自动化，确保每次发布可追溯、可回滚、高可靠。
一、项目结构与Dockerfile设计
系统采用 Spring Boot 构建，主模块位于juwatech.cn.rebate包下。项目根目录包含标准Dockerfile：
# 使用官方 OpenJDK 17 镜像 FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim # 设置工作目录 WORKDIR /app # 复制 JAR 文件 COPY target/rebate-system-3.0.jar rebate-system.jar # 暴露端口 EXPOSE 8080 # 启动应用 ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "rebate-system.jar"]Maven 打包配置确保生成可执行 JAR：
<build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><mainClass>juwatech.cn.rebate.RebateApplication</mainClass></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>二、GitLab CI 流水线定义
.gitlab-ci.yml定义四阶段流水线：build → test → build-image → deploy：
stages:-build-test-build-image-deployvariables:DOCKER_IMAGE:harbor.juwatech.cn/rebate/rebate-system:${CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA}K8S_NAMESPACE:rebate-prod# 构建阶段build:stage:buildimage:maven:3.8-openjdk-17script:-mvn clean package-DskipTestsartifacts:paths:-target/*.jar# 单元测试test:stage:testimage:maven:3.8-openjdk-17script:-mvn testcoverage:'/Total.*?([0-9]{1,3})%/'# 构建并推送镜像build-image:stage:build-imageimage:docker:20.10services:-docker:20.10-dindbefore_script:-echo "$HARBOR_PASSWORD"|docker login harbor.juwatech.cn-u "$HARBOR_USER"--password-stdinscript:-docker build-t $DOCKER_IMAGE .-docker push $DOCKER_IMAGEonly:-main# 生产部署deploy-prod:stage:deployimage:bitnami/kubectl:latestscript:-sed "s|{{IMAGE}}|$DOCKER_IMAGE|g" k8s/deployment.yaml|kubectl apply-f--kubectl rollout status deployment/rebate-deployment-n $K8S_NAMESPACE--timeout=300senvironment:name:productiononly:-main三、Kubernetes 部署清单
k8s/deployment.yaml模板使用占位符{{IMAGE}}供 CI 替换：
apiVersion:apps/v1kind:Deploymentmetadata:name:rebate-deploymentnamespace:rebate-prodspec:replicas:3selector:matchLabels:app:rebate-systemtemplate:metadata:labels:app:rebate-systemspec:containers:-name:rebate-appimage:{{IMAGE}}ports:-containerPort:8080env:-name:SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVEvalue:"prod"-name:DB_HOSTvalueFrom:secretKeyRef:name:rebate-db-secretkey:hostresources:requests:memory:"512Mi"cpu:"200m"limits:memory:"1Gi"cpu:"500m"livenessProbe:httpGet:path:/actuator/healthport:8080initialDelaySeconds:60periodSeconds:30readinessProbe:httpGet:path:/actuator/healthport:8080initialDelaySeconds:10periodSeconds:10---apiVersion:v1kind:Servicemetadata:name:rebate-servicenamespace:rebate-prodspec:selector:app:rebate-systemports:-protocol:TCPport:80targetPort:8080数据库凭证通过 Secret 管理：
kubectl create secret generic rebate-db-secret\--from-literal=host=db.juwatech.cn\--from-literal=username=rebate_user\--from-literal=password='S3cr3tP@ss!'\-n rebate-prod四、Java 应用启动类示例
主启动类位于指定包路径，确保与 Dockerfile 一致：
packagejuwatech.cn.rebate;importorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublicclassRebateApplication{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){SpringApplication.run(RebateApplication.class,args);}}五、回滚与版本追踪
每次部署均基于 Git Commit ID 构建唯一镜像标签，支持快速回滚：
# 查看历史 ReplicaSetkubectl get rs -n rebate-prod# 回滚至上一版本kubectl rollout undo deployment/rebate-deployment -n rebate-prod同时，Prometheus + Grafana 监控 Pod 状态、CPU、内存及 HTTP 错误率，确保部署质量。
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